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Volume 38 (2012)
- Issue 6 Pages 353-
- Issue 5 Pages 289-
- Issue 4 Pages 189-
- Issue 3 Pages 139-
- Issue 2 Pages 69-
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Predecessor
Volume 38, Issue 3
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Editorial Note
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2012 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages edit_3-
Published: May 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 20, 2012
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSDownload PDF (183K)
Transport Phenomena and Fluid Engineering
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Yoshihito Kato, Azusa Obata, Tomoho Kato, Haruki Furukawa, Yutaka TadaArticle type: Research Papers
Subject area: Transport Phenomena and Fluid Engineering
2012 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 139-143
Published: May 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 20, 2012
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe power consumption of several wide-paddle impellers developed by mixer companies in Japan was measured over a wide range of Reynolds number, from laminar to turbulent flow regions. The power consumption of all wide-paddle impellers examined could be correlated by using Kamei and Hiraoka's expressions with the coefficients modified in this work.View full abstractDownload PDF (1259K) -
Haruki Furukawa, Yoshihito Kato, Yutaka Tada, Song-Tae Koh, Young-Sei ...Article type: Notes
Subject area: Transport Phenomena and Fluid Engineering
2012 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 144-147
Published: May 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 20, 2012
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe power number of turbulent mixing vessels with a paddle impeller changes with the impeller position, being minimal at the impeller position C/H=0.25 and maximal at C/H=0.4–0.7. In the present work, the dependence of the change in power number on the mixing Reynolds number was found. No difference in the power number was found from the laminar to the transition region, but the power number changed in the turbulent region with a mixing Reynolds number larger than 6,000 because the flow pattern changed.View full abstractDownload PDF (6714K) -
Toshihiro Hanada, Takahiro Okada, Takashi Yamada, Li Shengli, Kenji Ku ...Article type: Research Papers
Subject area: Transport Phenomena and Fluid Engineering
2012 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 148-154
Published: May 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 20, 2012
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIn-line mixing that allows continuous stirring and mixture will be an important industrial process from the viewpoint of energy saving and space saving. Typical static mixers used for in-line mixing are normally designed for continuous flows and are effective for mixing only in the radial direction of the pipe. Such mixers cannot reduce the unevenness of concentration in the flow direction in in-line mixing processes involving intermittent injection using, for example, a metering pump. The purpose of this study is to reduce the unevenness in the flow direction in such an in-line mixing process. A new type of static mixer was developed based on the concept of dividing fluid flow into a plurality of fluid flow paths, which are recombined after a delay. Good results were obtained on the usefulness of the newly developed mixer.View full abstractDownload PDF (6360K)
Separation Engineering
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Masaaki SekinoArticle type: Research Papers
Subject area: Separation Engineering
2012 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 155-160
Published: May 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 20, 2012
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSUltrafiltration is essential during hemodiafiltration treatment especially for removal of medium molecular weight solutes.
The effect of solute removal by ultrafiltration was analyzed with membrane hydraulic permeability as a parameter in comparison with the effect of diffusive flow.
It was found that ultrafiltration significantly contributes to the removal of medium molecular weight solutes together with diffusive flow, in contrast with low molecular weight solutes, which are mainly removed by a diffusive mechanism. Analysis of the back flow of solute due to back filtration indicated that in order to increase solute clearance it is desirable to apply sufficient operating pressure to overcome back filtration.
As a guide to this, the relationship between the amount of back filtration and ultrafiltration volume is shown.View full abstractDownload PDF (1759K)
Process Systems Engineering and Safety
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Takuya Matsumoto, Kiyoshi Naito, Akira YamadaArticle type: Research Papers
Subject area: Process Systems Engineering and Safety
2012 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 161-166
Published: May 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 20, 2012
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIn the chemical process where the molecular weight of a polymer is changed by thermal decomposition in an extruder, the need for frequent sampling to measure the melt-flow-rate (MFR) places a large burden on the operator. To resolve this problem, we built a soft sensor for MFR prediction based on Just-In-Time modeling technique. For practical use, this work improves the accuracy of prediction by two proposed methods. The first is to consider a statistical model that combines a physical model. The second is to make effective use of variables that contain missing values and outliers. The system developed was confirmed to be operable without the degradation of model accuracy.View full abstractDownload PDF (1751K)
Materials Engineering and Interfacial Phenomena
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Tsubasa Watanabe, Norihito Doki, Masaaki Yokota, Kenji ShimizuArticle type: Research Papers
Subject area: Materials Engineering and Interfacial Phenomena
2012 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 167-171
Published: May 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 20, 2012
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSHigh efficient emitting hybrid crystals were synthesized by cooling an aqueous solution of potassium sulfate (host) and 8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonate (guest, Pyranine). The hybrid crystals emitted green luminescence on excitation with UV irradiation at 365 nm. Pyranine in the hybrid crystals retained the property of changing the wavelength of luminescence in response to a change of pH. Therefore, by adjusting the pH in the crystal preparation, it was possible to introduce different emission characteristics in the same crystal. These findings are expected to be applicable in simplifying the light-emitting layer in WOLEDs.View full abstractDownload PDF (2009K)
Energy
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Evaluation of Output Power Characteristics of Chemical Heat Pump by Using CaO–LiCl Compound ReactantTsuyoshi Kito, Noriyuki KobayashiArticle type: Notes
Subject area: Energy
2012 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 172-175
Published: May 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 20, 2012
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSCaO/H2O chemical heat pumps need higher temperature than the theoretical equilibrium temperature in heat-storage step. It was reported that the heat-storage temperature can be decreased by adding a metal halide to magnesium oxide. In this study, the output power characteristics of a chemical heat pump with a compound reactant of calcium oxide and lithium chloride were evaluated experimentally using equipment that can repeat reaction and regeneration. Output was found to be possible by using the reactant at the heat-storage temperature of 643–663 K, at which output with calcium oxide and moisture alone is not possible. In addition, little degradation in the power density and utilization of reactant was confirmed during a continual test of 100 cycles.View full abstractDownload PDF (490K)
Environment
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Norihiro Murayama, Ikuo Maekawa, Hiroyuki Ushiro, Junji Shibata, Etsur ...Article type: Research Papers
Subject area: Environment
2012 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 176-182
Published: May 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 20, 2012
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSLayered double hydroxides (LDHs) for use as anion exchangers were prepared from steelmaking slag discharged by a steel-manufacturing company. Metal elements were leached from the slag with HCl as a source of metal ions. LDHs were synthesized from the slag leachate at various pHs by a co-precipitation method, and their physical and chemical properties including the crystal structure, thermogravimetric properties and chemical composition were investigated. The ability of the products to remove toxic anions was examined for As(III), B, Cr(VI) and Se(IV) in aqueous solution.
It was found to be appropriate to leach the slag with 2.0 mol/dm3 HCl at a solid–liquid ratio of 2.5 g/100 cm3. The reaction products obtained from slag leachate included Mg–Al and Ca–Al LDHs, of which Mg–Al LDH was predominant at pH 11 and below, while mixtures of Mg–Al and Ca–Al LDHs were mainly formed at pH 12 and above. In synthesizing LDHs from slag, controlling the percentage of Ca precipitated in the slag leachate by adjusting the synthesis pH is an important factor in determining the kind of LDH formed. The LDHs prepared removed toxic anionic species in the order of Cr(VI)>Se(IV)>As(III)>B. In addition, slag LDH containing Fe was found to show better adsorption of As(III) than the standard LDH synthesized from pure reagents. The anion removal of the LDHs synthesized from slag varied remarkably with the synthesis pH, and the product synthesized at pH 10.5 was found to have the highest performance in anion removal. Thus, LDHs with excellent anion removal ability can be prepared from steelmaking slag.View full abstractDownload PDF (1441K) -
Naoki Noda, Shigeo Ito, Yasuaki Ueki, Ryo Yoshiie, Ichiro NaruseArticle type: Research Papers
Subject area: Environment
2012 Volume 38 Issue 3 Pages 183-188
Published: May 20, 2012
Released on J-STAGE: May 20, 2012
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSBoron compounds are generally highly volatile, and some of them vaporize in coal combustion and are contained in the flue gas. The partitioning behavior of boron from coal to the flue gas depends on the coal type, and the partitioning mechanisms are complex. In order to elucidate these mechanisms, it is necessary to develop a method to measure gaseous boron in coal combustion flue gas. In this study, we examined the absorption solution and sampling system material for gaseous boron compounds, using a model system of gaseous boron compounds and flue gas from a practical coal combustion facility. As a result, nitric acid with hydrogen peroxide was found to be the optimum solution for absorption. Silica glass or ethylene tetrafluoride resin were suitable materials for the sampling probe and line and the absorption impinger. Additionally, the sampling line must be kept at more than 130°C in order to analyze the gaseous boron concentration accurately.View full abstractDownload PDF (735K)
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